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![]() Kenya in 1945, from the Kenya Settlement Handbook, promoting Kenya as a country for European colonization. |
Introduction P1 planned readership, Mboya's challenge - Scram, sources of material, p2 aims of book, veracity, using it.
Chapter 1 Colonial days (until 1945) P3 east coast Africa, explorers and slave trade, p3 why Kenya?, scramble for Africa, White Highlands, p4 Ndorobo and Kikuyu, p5 early governors' aspirations, p6 Mitchell and white settlement, p7 settlers v. administrators, p8 British policy, problems of settlers, p9 settlers v. Africans, measuring standards of imperialism, p10 Indians arrival, Happy Valley set, p11 colour bar?, p12 educating natives, p13 LEGCO and representation, 2nd world war, p14 financing British post-war Kenyan policy, p15 toward end of British empire. | |
Chapter 2 Room for more white people (1946-7) P18 policy of white settlement, p19 more white settlers arrive, p21 black's view of whites, Admin v. settlers, others' views of whites, p22 teacher Carey Francis, Blundell enters politics, identity cards, p24 administrators' role, (trustees, managers, judges, educators, estate managers), p29 no colour bar/ discrimination? - with examples, land ownership, p33 Kikuyu land hunger and White Highlands, protest press, p34 African soldiers aspirations. |
![]() The house built by the Whittalls for £100 |
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![]() The school at Kangaita Farm, Nanyuki |
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![]() Jono Kenyatta at a mass rally at kiambu in 1952 |
Chapter 3 Kenyatta (K) returns (1946-7) P35 K.'s boyhood, youth, marriages, in Britain in 30s, return in 46, p40 other African leaders, Wachanga, Kaggia, p43 Olenguruone problem, p44 governor's confidence in future, p45 terracing controversy, p46 Uplands Bacon factory strike, p47 breakdown of law and order, p48 public meetings and oath taking. |
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Chapter 4 Growth of Mau Mau (1948-50) P51 K. the moderate leader, p52 European elections, new settlers settle, p53 Mau Mau (MM) and unrest, p56 boycott Indian traders, p57 more MM and unrest, Kenyan black parties, p59 a mixed marriage, p60 Nandi privatisation, Njama's oath taking, p65 MM activity and trials, p67 Nairobi unrest, Sansom family arrives, p68 Brockway MP visits Kenya, p70 Kenya Citizens' Association and United Kenya Club, KCA v. MM? p71 settlers and unrest | ||
Chapter 5 More militant and impatient (January 1951-June 52) P76 KAU and MM, p76 public meetings and K., p77 MM oathings, p78 Griffith's visit, p79 subversion, burnings, resisting terracing, mass meetings, p82 British attitudes to MM, p85 Princess Elizabeth visit, Indians expand, p86 Kaggia, subversion and violence in Nairobi, p89 MM strengthens, Brockway returns, p90 Blundell made leader, Mitchell retires from governorship, p90 interregnum, Baring appointed, K. active, Kaggia blossoms, p92 a Mafia in Nairobi, KAU and MM, p93 more reports ignored, p96 O'Rourke secret report. Chapter 6 Mass meetings and murder (July-October 1952) P97 Nyeri mass meeting, p102 mass meetings banned, admin in frenzy, more reports, p103 Kaloleni Hall meeting, p106 open rebellion, Nyeri meeting, p108 where does K. stand?, increase in subversive press, p109 attacks on white farms, Wyatt reassures and Mathu appeals to Whitehall, p110 more reports, Kikuyu woman beaten for not taking MM oath, p113 Brockway critical of Potter. Baring takes over, p114 Waruhia murdered, sorrow and joy; p116 Baring reports to Whitehall, plans to arrest leaders, State of emergency, p117 military support arrives on 19 Oct., p119 183 African leaders detained, European reactions. |
![]() map reproduced from Mau Mau in Kenya |
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![]() Settlers march on Government House, Nairobi |
Chapter 7 State of Emergency (October 1952 - April 53) P121 Operation Jock Scott, Kenya Regiment, p123 MM goes underground and into forest, p124 effect on farms, p125 Lyttleton visits and lays down law, p127 settlers dissatisfied with Baring, p128 Brockway and Hale visit, p129 Hales' socks incidents, p131 Brockway and Blundell reconciled, p132 Nyama's 2nd MM oath, p133 Sillitoe security visit to Kenya, security stepped up, p134 curfew, p135 settlers under siege, Mbotela and Indian murdered, p136 settlers' leaders emerge, MM more brazen, p137 miserable Christmas 1952, |
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Njama's double life, p138 Indians' dilemma, p139 trial of K. and major leaders - guilty, p144 MM increased activity, settlers' isolation increased, p146 Canon Bewes returns, Mrs Simpson and Hesselburger attacked by MM, cook and dog shot, Hotels Association lift colour bar, p147 Sansoms on Nairobi, p148 settlers reactions, Gen Hinde appointed, p149 Rucks murdered, settlers march on Government House, p152 settlers suggest Masai levees, p153 settlers/MM at war, p154 Blundell calls for intensification of response, Grant under fire, p156 MM in ascendancy, Lari massacre and response, p161 successful raid on Naivasha police station, concern over police activities, settlers increasingly dissatisfied with government actions. Chapter 8 Civil war (April-December 1953) P163 role of Kikuyu women, p164 villagization and 1 mile strip, MM and settlers, p166 British troops, Attack on Scott's farm, settlers' dissatisfaction grows, p168 complaints re. British and local police conduct, p170 Njama joins MM in forest, intensive warfare, p173 Griffith's killing of two Africans while on patrol, p175 Gen. Erskine appointed, warfare continues, awards given for MM kills, p184 MM holds courts martial, warfare intensifies, p186 life in reserves suffers, p187 MM Kenya-wide council formed, p189 Baring/Erskine friction, p190 settler resent lack of support from public in UK, p190 Nairobi conditions, settlers' continuing frustration, p193 reports of mutual brutalities, p195 court martial of Griffiths for murder, p198 isolation of Kikuyu tribe, p199 torture and murder, p200 head-count and assessment, signs of reconciliation, p201 Francis review and letter. Chapter 9 Decline and fall of Mau Mau (1954-6) P206 MM Kenya Parliament meet, p207 Leakey's assessment of natives' unrest, General China tried, p210 negotiations for peace but war continues, p212 settlers feel let down by govt, p213 African/Indian friction, Lyttleton lays down law to all, p216 Castle visit, 'Mau Mau in Kenya' published by Kenyan PR, multi-racialism floated, p217 settler election, p218 war council formed, Carothers report published, p220 Young replaces O'Rourke as police commissioner, p221 Crossman visit, Lennox Boyd made colonial sec, p222 Kikuyu Guard and intelligence enlarged p223 Operation Anvil commenced, screening extended, p224 Indian High Commission 'searched', p226 military operations, bombing MM., role of women in MM, p228 peace negotiations re-opened, p231 MM lose Kikuyu support, p232 Blundell meets Churchill in London, Churchill advocates peaceful solution. | ||
Chapter 10 War brings nothing about (1954-6) P233 screening and detention (most of this chap)., p234 Thompson and Kitson, brutal treatment, p235 Special Branch, p236 screening women, p237 missionary screening, abuses, pseudo-gangs, p241 leaflets and loud speakers, amnesty and negotiations, p244 MM Kenya Parliament, p247 end of MM leaders including Kimathi, Henderson role, p250 Nellie Grant experience, p253 Grey Leakey murder, p254 Seys experience, p255 effect of MM on towns, United Kenya Club (UKC), p257 Princess Eliz. Visit, Kenyan Agriculture, p258 MM prisons, K. in prison, p261 MM ending (1956), who won? |
![]() The prison at Maralal in which Kenyatta and several other Mau Mau leaders were held before independence. | |
Chapter 11 Politics and convergence ( 1957-9) P263 what form of govt?, p264 Kimathi, the legend, executed Feb 57, p256 more power for Africans, Lyttleton plan, p268 Congo riots, p270 Lennox-Boyd arrives, Uhuru na K., p271 climate for change, p272 new political parties, p273 Indians, p274 and Muslims, Lancaster House in prospect, Tanganyika and Uganda become republics (70-1), p275 Kenyan whites abandoned by Britain, p276 agricultural changes, p278 politics, p280 education, colour prejudice, UKC, p283 some settlers leave, p285 Kenyan leaders still in gaol, p287 K. released, others follow. | ||
![]() Mau Mau detention camp |
Chapter 12 From detention to reconciliation (1957-9) P289 cleansing MM oath, p290 staff and camps, p292 process, p293 MM Kariuki's experience, p295 official visitors, p296 Gavaghan's role, p298 minimal compelling force, pipe-line, p299 Kikuyu Home Guard's role, p300 settling old scores and land acquisition, Hola massacre of detainees and influence on British Govt. and after, p308 Mwariama and MM vanguard, p310 Baring rescues Indian girls, Ian Macleod appointment, pp311 and 326 Peter Poole first European found guilty of and hanged for murder of African, experiences outside Kenya. | |
Chapter 13 Conferences and speeches (1960-3) P313 European settlers fearful, p314 1960 Lancaster House conference chaired by Macleod, virtual ultimatum, p319 30 pieces of silver to Blundell, p321 Europeans exit, p325 Indians' position, p326 Renison keeps K. in gaol, p328 Africans call for K. release, changes in LEGCO representation, p331 Lodwar Conference, p333 K. released, Maralal - African Delphi, p335 more Europeans leave, p336 1962 second Lancaster House conference, p339 constitution framed, p341 Malcolm MacDonald new governor, p342 K. appointed prime minister and reconciled with Europeans, p344 Mboya quotes Kipling. |
![]() Reginal Maundling opens the conferencee in February 1962 | |
![]() A light-hearted moment from the second Lancaster House conference, Michael Blundell showing Ronald Ngala how to deal with Secretary of State Reginald Maudling. | ||
Chapter 14 From colony to nation (1960-3) P347 new roles for administrators, p350 land settlements, compensation to European settlers, closing days for European settlers, p360 former MM 'outlaws', p361 changing attitudes, outlawing racial discrimination, p366 approach to independence, p368 Independence went smoothly. Epilogue, questions, hypotheses, assessments Epilogue. Questions include; What caused Mau uprisings? Was Mau Mau a tribal or national movement? What Kenyatta 'manager of Mau Mau'? Did mau Mau uprising accelerate independence. Hypotheses Assume that Europeans had not colonised Africa. that Mau Mau rebellion would have been averted had Kenyatta been acknowledged as African leader before rebellion took root. that the Hola massacre had not occurred, that the European farmers had followed Blundell's lead. Assessments are made of the performance of the principal 'players' in the colonial 'game'. | ||
![]() Jomo Kenyatta (left) with Field Marshal Musa Mwariama, former Mau Mau leader, in December 1963. | ![]() New Leaders - President Jomo Kenyatta with Oginga Odinga (left) and Tom Mboya | |
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